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In addition to research papers, the Design Society is developing several valuable resources for those interested in the study of design. These include a repository of PhD theses, a library of case studies and transcripts of design activities, and an archive of our newsletters. Please note that these resources are accessible exclusively to Design Society members.

Generating vehicle designs using probabilistic programs and reinforcement learning

Elenius, Daniel (1); Ghiglino, Aurelien (2); Agarwal, Krishiv (3); Samplawski, Colin (1); Roy, Anirban (1); Jha, Susmit (1); Alonso, Juan Jose (2); Cobb, Adam (1)

Type:
Papers
DS 145: Proceedings of the DESIGN2026 19th International Design Conference
Year:
2026
Editor:
Štorga, M.; Škec, S.; Martinec, T.; Marjanović, D.; Pavković, N.
Author:
Elenius, Daniel (1); Ghiglino, Aurelien (2); Agarwal, Krishiv (3); Samplawski, Colin (1); Roy, Anirban (1); Jha, Susmit (1); Alonso, Juan Jose (2); Cobb, Adam (1)
Series:
DESIGN
Institution:
1: Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, United States of America; 2: Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, United States of America; 3: University of Florida, United States of America
Page(s):
2273-2282
DOI number:
10.1017/pds.2026.10585
ISSN:
2732-527X (Online)
Abstract:
We present FORGE (Framework for Optimization and Reinforcement-driven Generative Engineering), a probabilistic programming framework for generative design that unifies declarative, symbolic modeling and reinforcement learning (RL). FORGE can learn and refine a design generator through RL based on simulator-derived rewards. We demonstrate FORGE across several vehicle domains. FORGE creates an extensible, interpretable foundation for generative engineering. It can act as both a data generator for machine learning and a design optimizer, offering a practical alternative to purely neural methods.
Keywords:
engineering design, artificial intelligence (AI), probabilistic programming, reinforcement learning
DESIGN2026 - The 19th International Design Conference
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