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An Event-Driven, Agent-Based Reference Architecture For Human-AI-Collaboration In MBSE
Feld, Markus; von Heißen, Oliver; Aldade, Abed Alrahman; Martin, Lucas; Hein, Bernhard; Mpidi Bita, Isaac; Hanke, Fabian; Hovemann, Aschot; Dumitrescu, Roman
Type:
Year:
2026
Editor:
Juuti, T.; Karhunen, V; Vanhatalo, M.; Lehtonen, T.;Kopra, M-J.
Author:
Feld, Markus; von Heißen, Oliver; Aldade, Abed Alrahman; Martin, Lucas; Hein, Bernhard; Mpidi Bita, Isaac; Hanke, Fabian; Hovemann, Aschot; Dumitrescu, Roman
Series:
NordDESIGN
Institution:
Fraunhofer IEM, Germany; University Paderborn, Germany
Page(s):
401-410
DOI number:
ISBN:
978-1-912254-21-7
ISSN:
NA
Abstract:
Integrating LLM-based agents into Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) promises to reduce coordination overhead across heterogeneous toolchains and data silos, but unsystematic integration can result in agent sprawl, loss of human control, and opaque decision processes. This paper presents an event-driven reference architecture for Human–AI Collaboration in MBSE comprising three pillars: an Event-Driven Information Backbone (EIB) that combines pub/sub coordination with an immutable event log, Domain-Specific Agents (DSAs) that act as intelligent intermediaries between engineering tools and the backbone, and Personalized Interaction Agents (PIAs) that filter event streams into role-relevant decision packages and operationalize human-in-the-loop governance through a Decision Inbox pattern. All participants interact exclusively through explicit event contracts, enabling modular integration without bilateral coupling. Correlation identifiers link causally related events across tools and actors, enabling end-to-end reconstruction of decision provenance, including rejected alternatives and their rationale. A proof-of-concept prototype provides initial evidence of technical feasibility.
Keywords:
