Knowledge Base Repository

In addition to research papers, the Design Society is developing several valuable resources for those interested in the study of design. These include a repository of PhD theses, a library of case studies and transcripts of design activities, and an archive of our newsletters. Please note that these resources are accessible exclusively to Design Society members.

Function as Metonymy

Winkelman, Paul M.


Type:
Year:
2009
Editor:
Norell Bergendahl, M.; Grimheden, M.; Leifer, L.; Skogstad, P.; Lindemann, U.
Author:
Series:
ICED
Section:
Design Theory and Research Methodology
Page(s):
407-416
Abstract:
Design aids often seek to map function to form. Hierarchies offer possible models but risk emphasizing competition at the expense of more cooperative relationships. Cooperation can be seen in the biological concept of the "correlation of parts", where the presence of one part in an organism (e.g., sharp teeth) implies the presence of others (e.g., sharp claws). We can thus reconstruct the whole based on the knowledge of a part, creating a part-to-whole mapping. The mapping is made possible, not by causal linkages (à la physics) but by the cooperative interactions of parts in a containing system exhibiting a function. This concept can be represented by metonymy, a linguistic device where one entity refers to another related entity. A picture of a person's face, for example, can represent the entire person. Function echoes this concept in that the function of a part is assigned and understood in light of the whole. From the perspective of conceptual design, we start with one or a few parts and continue to add parts, guided by function, to create a finished product. Function-as-metonymy suggests a model for a function-to-form mapping scheme.
Keywords:

This site uses cookies and other tracking technologies to assist with navigation and your ability to provide feedback, analyse your use of our products and services, assist with our promotional and marketing efforts, and provide content from third parties. Privacy Policy.