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In addition to research papers, the Design Society is developing several valuable resources for those interested in the study of design. These include a repository of PhD theses, a library of case studies and transcripts of design activities, and an archive of our newsletters. Please note that these resources are accessible exclusively to Design Society members.

From Artefact to Actor: Extending Design for X through a Leadership Error-Processing Questionnaire

Kriegler, Hannes; Weiss, Stefan; Koch, Alexander


Type:
Year:
2026
Editor:
Paetzold-Byhain, K.; Krause, D.; Wartzack, S. and Koch, A.
Author:
Series:
DfX
Institution:
University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Germany
Page(s):
120-129
DOI number:
Abstract:
Agile product development embraces deviation as productive input for iteration. Yet this tolerance for error is institutionalized only at team level, leaving leaders without comparable structures for processing their own misguided decisions. Drawing on Design for X and the Human-Behaviour-in-Design perspective, this paper iteratively develops a semi-structured interview guide capturing individual, team and organizational factors relevant to leaders' error processing. An initial six-item draft revealed terminological conflation, overly binary response formats and a missing disclosure dimension. A revised nine-item version, tested independently, resolved these limitations and surfaced new thematic categories, yielding a validated instrument for subsequent substantive research.
Keywords:

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