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Knowledge Base Repository

In addition to research papers, the Design Society is developing several valuable resources for those interested in the study of design. These include a repository of PhD theses, a library of case studies and transcripts of design activities, and an archive of our newsletters. Please note that these resources are accessible exclusively to Design Society members.

Framing and reframing in design: the use of an NLP-based memory model

Casakin, Hernan (1); Goldstein, Anat (1); Gero, John S. (2)

Type:
Papers
DS 145: Proceedings of the DESIGN2026 19th International Design Conference
Year:
2026
Editor:
Štorga, M.; Škec, S.; Martinec, T.; Marjanović, D.; Pavković, N.
Author:
Casakin, Hernan (1); Goldstein, Anat (1); Gero, John S. (2)
Series:
DESIGN
Institution:
1: Ariel University, Israel; 2: Drexel University, United States of America
Page(s):
981-990
DOI number:
10.1017/pds.2026.10456
ISSN:
2732-527X (Online)
Abstract:
This study introduces an NLP-based Memory Model that structures how framing and reframing evolve throughout design. Grounded in constructive and situated memory theories, it models memory as a dynamic system of activation and decay, enabling measurement of the number and semantic value of frames in design discourse. Analyses of architecture students’ sessions show framing peaks during exploration and declines as solutions stabilize. They also show semantic diversity cycles through expansion and narrowing, revealing framing as a continuous, memory-driven reinterpretive process.
Keywords:
design cognition, constructive memory, framing, reframing, design models
DESIGN2026 - The 19th International Design Conference
Conferences

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